![]() ![]() ![]() Healthy dietary practices are based on one’s overall pattern of food intake over an extended period of time and not on the intake of a single meal. There are dietary and other lifestyle practices that all individuals can safely follow throughout the life span as a foundation for achieving and maintaining cardiovascular and overall health. Three principles underlie the current guidelines: This revised statement also provides a summary of a number of important ancillary issues, including those for which the scientific evidence is deemed insufficient to make specific recommendations. The present statement formulates the core elements of population-wide recommendations for cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment that are supported by decades of research. An important component of this mission has been the provision of dietary guidelines for the American population that are based on the best available scientific evidence. The AHA has a long-standing commitment to the promotion of lifestyle practices aimed at preventing the development or recurrence of heart and blood vessel diseases and promoting overall well-being. ![]() Finally, recent studies support a major benefit on blood pressure of consuming vegetables, fruits, and low-fat dairy products, as well as limiting salt intake (<6 grams per day) and alcohol (no more than 2 drinks per day for men and 1 for women) and maintaining a healthy body weight. Because of increased evidence for the cardiovascular benefits of fish (particularly fatty fish), consumption of at least 2 fish servings per week is now recommended. ![]() Specific intakes for individuals should be based on cholesterol and lipoprotein levels and the presence of existing heart disease, diabetes, and other risk factors. The guidelines continue to advocate a population-wide limitation of dietary saturated fat to <10% of energy and cholesterol to <300 mg/d. Fat intake of ≤30% of total energy is recommended to assist in limiting consumption of total energy as well as saturated fat. The major emphasis for weight management should be on avoidance of excess total energy intake and a regular pattern of physical activity. More individualized approaches involving medical nutrition therapy for specific subgroups (for example, those with lipid disorders, diabetes, and preexisting cardiovascular disease) replace the previous “Step 2” diet for higher-risk individuals. The major guidelines are designed for the general population and collectively replace the “Step 1” designation used for earlier AHA population-wide dietary recommendations. The revised guidelines place increased emphasis on foods and an overall eating pattern and the need for all Americans to achieve and maintain a healthy body weight (Table ). Since the previous publication of these guidelines by the American Heart Association, 1 the overall approach has been modified to emphasize their relation to specific goals that the AHA considers of greatest importance for lowering the risk of heart disease and stroke. This document presents guidelines for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease by dietary and other lifestyle practices. Customer Service and Ordering Information.Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology.Journal of the American Heart Association (JAHA).Circ: Cardiovascular Quality & Outcomes.Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ATVB). ![]()
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